(Bloomberg) — When Cromwell Coulson heard that an obscure Chinese real estate firm had agreed to buy the Chicago Stock Exchange, he was shocked.
My first reaction was, Wow, thats who theyre selling to? said Coulson, the chief executive officer of OTC Markets Group Inc. in New York. These new buyers have no connection to Chicagos existing business. Theyre completely disconnected from the current business of supporting the Chicago trading community. So wow, thats out of left field.
While the world has gotten used to seeing Chinese companies snap up overseas businesses, the purchase of a 134-year-old U.S. stock market byChongqing Casin Enterprise Group — a little- known property and investment firm from southwestern China — raises a whole host of questions.For starters, why does a provincial Chinese business with no apparent ties to the securities industry have any interest in buying one of Americas smallest equity exchanges? And will U.S. regulators sign off?
So far, Casin Groups intentions are unclear, with calls to the companysChongqing headquarters going unanswered on Friday. If the deal does pass muster with American regulators, it would mark the first-ever Chinese purchase of a U.S. equity exchange, giving Casin Group a foothold in a $22 trillion market where even the smallest bourses have room to grow if they can provide the best price for a stock at any given moment.
The Chicago Stock Exchange — a subsidiary of CHX Holdings Inc. — is minority-owned by a group including E*Trade Financial Corp., Bank of America Corp., Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and JPMorgan Chase & Co., according to the company. The minority shareholders are also selling their stake,Chicago Stock Exchange Chief Executive Officer John Kerin said in a phone interview.
The deal values the exchange at less than $100 million, according to a person familiar with the matter, who asked to not be identified because the terms werent disclosed publicly. Mark OConnor, a spokesman for the exchange, declined to comment on the size of the transaction.
Overseas Shopping
Casin Groups offer, announced on Friday in a statement from the Chicago exchange, comes amid an unprecedented overseas shopping spree by Chinese companies. Businesses from Asias largest economy have announced $70 billion of cross-border acquisitions and investments this year, on track to break last years record of $123 billion, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
While many of those deals had obvious business rationales, the reasons for Casin Groups bid are less clear. The company, founded in the 1990s through a privatization of state-owned assets, initially focused on developing real estate projects in Chongqing, before expanding into the environmental and financial industries. While the firm owns stakes in banks and insurers, it has no previous experience owning an exchange.
Chinese Growth
Lu Shengju, themajority owner and chairman of Casin Group, wants to help bring Chinese companies to U.S. markets, according to the statement from Chicagos bourse.
We have reviewed CHXs plans to improve market share through new growth initiatives and fully support them, Lu, a torch bearer during the Beijing Olympic games in 2008, said in the statement, which didnt disclose terms of the deal. Together, we have a unique opportunity to help develop financial markets in China over the longer term and to bring exciting Chinese growth companies to U.S. investors.
The Chicago Stock Exchange could serve as a venue for Chinese companies to list, said Dale Rosenthal, a clinical assistant professor of finance at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
Because theyre an exchange, they can list stock, Rosenthal said. It has the potential to raise Chicagos profile in China.
Casin Group is no stranger to investing in outside businesses, including overseas targets. Three years ago, the firm increased its stake in Shenzhen-listed Guoxing Property to 30 percent, becoming the biggest shareholder.Guoxing, now 60 percent owned by Casin Group, has soared 170 percent in the past two months, versus a 19 percent drop in the CSI 300 Index, data compiled by Bloomberg show. Casin Group bought a 25 percent stake in Singapore-based Great Eastern Life Assurance in 2013.
Its interesting to see the Chinese increase their footprint in the U.S., said Ramon Camacho, a principal at RSM US LLP, an audit, tax and consulting company based in Chicago. These investors are looking for a platform to showcase and bring to market Chinese companies.
The companys bid for the Chicago bourse could face political opposition, with American regulators and politicians taking a skeptical approach toward foreign investments in industries deemed important to national interests. When Germanys Deutsche Boerse AG wanted to buy the owner of the New York Stock Exchange in 2011, U.S. Senator Charles Schumer, a Democrat from New York, raised obstacles. The deal was finally scrapped on monopoly concerns.
Heavy Scrutiny
Some Chinese companies have come under heavy scrutiny as they tried to enter U.S. markets. Huawei Technologies Co., Chinas largest phone-network equipment maker, was barred by the U.S. in 2011 from participating in building a nationwide emergency network.
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission would have to approve the deal, because the exchange is a self-regulatory organization. The new owners will have to show they intend to follow all of the regulations imposed on stock exchanges, whose listing and trading rules also must be approved by the SEC.
Additionally, the takeover would probably be reviewed by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S., said Anne Salladin, a lawyer at Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP in Washington. CFIUS, a panel of government officials led by the Treasury Department that examines purchases of American businesses by foreign investors, can recommend the president block transactions it believes compromise national security. It can also impose changes to address any concerns.
Its a Chinese investment, and its in a potentially sensitive sector: financial infrastructure, Salladin said.
CFIUS has been closely scrutinizing purchases of American businesses by Chinese buyers. Last month, Royal Philips NV abandoned its plan to sell its lighting-components unit to a Chinese-led investment group following opposition from CFIUS.
If you have a U.S. stock exchange thats primarily satisfying Chinese companies, the regulators are gonna look very closely at it, Coulson said. If your core business is listing Chinese companies in the U.S., thats going to pick up a lot of regulatory scrutiny and caution.
